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MRA carotid arteries

What is an MRA of the Carotid Arteries?

An MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography) of the carotid arteries is a non-invasive imaging test that uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and sometimes contrast material to create detailed images of the carotid arteries. These arteries are located on either side of your neck and supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain, head, and face. The test helps identify problems like blockages, narrowing, or aneurysms in these critical blood vessels.

Why is it Done?

An MRA of the carotid arteries is performed to:

  • Evaluate carotid artery stenosis (narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup).
  • Detect atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).
  • Identify aneurysms (bulges or weakening of the artery walls).
  • Assess for dissections (tears in the artery walls).
  • Investigate causes of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).
  • Monitor known carotid artery disease or vascular abnormalities.
  • Plan treatment for vascular conditions, such as surgery or stenting.

What to Expect

Before the Procedure:

  • Preparation:
    • Typically, no special preparation like fasting is required.
    • Remove all metal objects, including jewelry, watches, or clothing with metal components.
  • Medical History:
    • Inform your doctor if you have metal implants, pacemakers, or other medical devices.
    • Notify your doctor if you are pregnant or have kidney issues (if contrast material is needed).

During the Procedure:

  1. Positioning:
    • You’ll lie on a motorized table that slides into the MRI machine.
    • A cushion may be placed under your head and neck for comfort.
  2. Scanning Without Contrast:
    • Initial images are taken without using contrast material.
    • You’ll hear loud thumping or buzzing noises as the machine captures images.
  3. Contrast Injection (if required):
    • A gadolinium-based contrast agent may be injected into a vein in your arm to enhance the visibility of blood vessels.
    • Some people feel a cool sensation during the injection.
  4. Scanning With Contrast:
    • Additional images are taken to provide detailed views of the carotid arteries and blood flow.
    • You may be asked to hold your breath for a few seconds during certain parts of the scan.

The test typically lasts 30–60 minutes.

After the Procedure:

  • If contrast was used, drink plenty of fluids to help flush it out of your system.
  • You can resume normal activities immediately unless otherwise instructed.
  • Side effects from the contrast material are rare, but contact your doctor if you experience symptoms like rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

What the Results May Show:

  • Normal Results: Healthy carotid arteries with no narrowing, blockages, or abnormalities.
  • Abnormal Results:
    • Carotid Artery Stenosis: Narrowing caused by plaque buildup, which may increase the risk of stroke.
    • Atherosclerosis: Hardened or thickened artery walls due to cholesterol deposits.
    • Aneurysms: Bulging or weakened areas in the artery wall, which may rupture if untreated.
    • Dissections: Tears in the artery wall that can disrupt blood flow to the brain.
    • Clots or Emboli: Obstructions that may lead to a stroke or TIA.

Advantages of MRA for Carotid Arteries:

  • Non-invasive: No need for surgery or catheters.
  • Radiation-free: Does not use ionizing radiation like CT angiography.
  • Highly detailed: Provides clear images of blood flow and vessel structures.

Your doctor will review the findings to determine if further testing or treatments, such as lifestyle changes, medications, or surgical procedures (e.g., carotid endarterectomy or stenting), are necessary to address the condition. Early detection is crucial for preventing complications like stroke.